Kofanova Olena. Modern Possibilities Of Forensic Land And Soil Examinations Within The Civil And Criminal Law
Social Sciences / Law / Common law and equity
Submitted on: Aug 31, 2020, 01:22:30
Description: Forensic soil expertise is most commonly carried out in civil and criminal proceedings of the relevant issues. For this purpose, all types of soil formations, both naturally occurring and artificial, are used, wherein sometimes biological objects and human activity products (anthropogenic factor) constitute a major part. The multicomponentness and dynamism of soil-origin objects significantly complicate fulfilling the tasks set before expertise, including the fixation of its value. The problem of determining the classification category of forensic soil expertise remains controversial [1]. The subject of forensic soil expertise is factual evidences, circumstances of the case, established on the basis of special branches of knowledge: forensic science, forensic soil science and allied natural and engineering sciences: general soil science, geology, agrochemistry, and biology. Using the forensic soil expertise, a number of tasks may be solved by identifying: the fact that an object (subject) was in a specific location; the fact of contact interaction between any objects; the mechanism of soil adhering transference on various objects (clothes, shoes, household equipment, murder weapon or burglary tool, vehicle, etc.); spatiotemporal characteristics (time of individual soil layer transference, prescription of burial, etc.); certain negative circumstances, e.g., the noncorrespondence of the place of corpse discovery to the crime scene; the fact of environmental pollution.