Natural Sciences / Computer Science / Automata theory
Submitted on: Apr 01, 2012, 20:40:36
Description: A coloring of edges of a finite directed graph turns the graph into a finite-state automaton. The synchronizing word of a deterministic automaton is a word in the alphabet of colors (considered as letters) of its edges that maps the automaton to a single state. A coloring of edges of a directed graph of uniform outdegree (constant outdegree of any vertex) is synchronizing if the coloring turns the graph into a deterministic finite automaton possessing a synchronizing word. The road coloring problem is the problem of synchronizing coloring of a directed finite strongly connected graph of uniform outdegree if the greatest common divisor of the lengths of all its cycles is one. The problem posed in 1970 has evoked noticeable interest among the specialists in the theory of graphs, automata, codes, symbolic dynamics as well as among the wide mathematical community. A polynomial time algorithm of cubic complexity in the worst case and quadratic in the majority of studied cases for the road coloring is presented.